Revista da EMERJ - V. 21 - N. 3 - Setembro/Dezembro - 2019 - Tomo 2

375  R. EMERJ, Rio de Janeiro, v. 21, n. 3, t. 2, p. 374-393, set.-dez., 2019  TOMO 2 finição. A judicialização levada a efeito por quem possui interesse direto na solução do problema e do cumprimento da Constituição da República, nesse caso, pode se mostrar como um importante contributo para a afir- mação desse direito fundamental, sem prejuízo de que outras práticas que vêm sendo adotadas pelos atores desse processo, como a desapropriação, também sejam reconhecidas como válidas. Palavras-chave : Escravidão. Quilombo. Remanescentes de qui- lombos. Regularização fundiária. Proteção do patrimônio cultural. Função social da propriedade. ABSTRACT: This text has as its central legal basis the justice of the position taken by the original and sovereign constituent power in order to attribute the definitive property over the remaining quilombo territory in favor of the communities that have it today and bring with it the presence of the black ancestry with the historical experience lived from the mo- ment of claiming freedom and the land originally born when Brazil still lived a social and economic slave system. In spite of such recognition that was enshrined in Article 68 of the Transitory Constitutional Provisions Act, it is observed that there is a huge deficit of effectiveness in complying with the aforementioned norm after thirty years of validity of the Charter of 1988. In spite of the inevitable semantic link of the word quilombo as a place of black evadidos that erupted, sometimes in a violent way, against the formal law established in the three hundred years of slavery, we have that in the current days there is a need of a resignification of this concept , giving juridicity to the anthropological criterion of self-definition. The judicialization carried out by those who have a direct interest in solving the problem and in complying with the Constitution of the Republic can, in this case, be an important contribution to the affirmation of this fun- damental right, without prejudice to the fact that other practices that have been adopted by the actors of this process such as expropriation, are also recognized as valid. Keywords : Slavery. Quilombo. Remnants of quilombos. Land regu- larization. Protection of cultural heritage. Social function of property.